Cone cells most likely evolved from:
A. rhodopsin
B. retinal
C. rod cells
D. ommatidia
C
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Studies of the Pax6 gene and its homologs suggest that
A. the eye has evolved independently multiple times. B. the eyes of many different species are descended from a common ancestor. C. the master genes of the eye in various species are not homologous. D. the simple eyes of invertebrates and complex eyes of vertebrates arose from two different ancestral control genes.
What makes Caenorhabditis elegans an ideal model for developmental biology?
a. It has only roughly 1,000 cells and the developmental fate is known for each of them. b. It is one of the closest living relatives to modern vertebrates. c. It has nearly identical embryological development patterns to humans. d. It lives a long time and is easy to raise and care for in a laboratory setting.
What is the result of a cell not meeting the criteria to pass the G1 checkpoint?
a. the cell cycle halts b. the cell may enter the G0 stage c. the cells may undergo apoptosis d. all of the above e. none of the above
In this model, it is often difficult to determine when exactly speciation occurred due to many __________ links between species over time.
What will be an ideal response?