. A patient arrives in the emergency room with an acute asthma attack. The nurse knows that the principal pathological finding in the diagnosis of asthma includes which of the following?
A) Increase in the red blood cell concentration in the blood
B) Leakage of fluid into the alveolar interstitial spaces
C) Reversible and diffuse airway inflammation
D) Obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature by a clot
Ans: C
Feedback: The principle pathological finding in asthma patients is reversible and diffuse airway inflammation. The bronchial muscles and mucous glands enlarge and thick, tenacious sputum is produced. Polycythemia is an increase in the red blood cell concentration in the blood. This occurs in COPD as the body attempts to improve oxygen carrying capacity. In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), there is leakage of fluid into the alveolar interstitial spaces. A pulmonary emboli is an obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature by a clot.
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