Describe how biological aging affects motor performance
What will be an ideal response?
Declines in heart and lung functioning under conditions of exertion, combined with gradual muscle loss, lead to changes in motor performance. In studies of competitive athletes, who try to attain their very best performance in real life, ages of best performance remained relatively constant. Athletic tasks that require speed of limb movement, explosive strength, and gross-motor coordination—sprinting, jumping, and tennis—typically peak in the early twenties. Those that depend on endurance, arm–hand steadiness, and aiming—long-distance running, baseball, and golf—usually peak in the late twenties and early thirties. Because these skills require either stamina or precise motor control, they take longer to perfect. These findings tell us that the upper biological limit of motor capacity is reached in the first part of early adulthood. Longitudinal research on master runners reveals that as long as practice continues, speed drops only slightly from the mid-thirties into the sixties, when performance falls off at an accelerating pace. Indeed, sustained training leads to adaptations in body structures that minimize motor declines. In sum, before late adulthood, biological aging accounts for only a small part of age-related declines. Lower levels of performance by healthy people into their sixties and seventies largely reflect reduced capacities resulting from a less physically demanding lifestyle.
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a. jurors to reach a decision that convicts individuals for their crimes, holds them responsible for their acts, and ensures that they are given treatment for their mental illness b. a judgment that a defendant has a factual and rational understanding of the proceeding and can rationally consult with counsel about his/her defense c. different states and municipalities use different tests of insanity with varying outcomes d. mental health professionals to come to a conclusion on what constitutes mental illness
What was the CR in the Little Albert study?
A) crying when exposed to a loud noise B) fear of a white rat C) the gradual decrease in fear as the experiment progressed D) Little Albert's natural temperament of being "stolid and unemotional"
Psychoactive drugs:
a. affect both behavior and mental processes by altering unconscious awareness b. affect behavior but have no impact on mental processes c. affect mental processes but have no impact on behavior d. affect both behavior and mental processes by altering conscious awareness
Which of the following is a form of insight therapy?
a. therapeutic alliance therapy b. systematic desensitization c. social skills training d. rational-emotive therapy