Which of the two phylogenies could have been constructed from virus samples that were sampled on the same day?
a. Phylogeny A. Phylogeny A could represent a snapshot across several hosts while most of the sequences in B were extinct when the last sample was taken.
b. Phylogeny A. It is much more work-intensive to isolate multiple virus se-quences from a single host than to obtain a single sequence from multiple individuals.
c. Phylogeny B. Phylogeny B could represent a snapshot of the diversity with-in a single host, while the pattern in B can only be produced by sequential infections of new hosts.
d. Phylogenies A and B. Aside from logistics, there are no reasons why the samples for both phy-logenies couldn't have been obtained on the same day.
A
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A 2009 study of more than 4,300 people identified a(n) ____ as the most likely reason why the least-fit among the group had higher mortality rates than the moderately fit and most-fit.
a. lack of opportunities b. addiction to drugs c. addiction to alcohol d. sedentary lifestyle e. unhealthy environment
Proteinacious projections from the surface of a bacterium that are used to mediate conjugation are called sex ________, whereas projections that mediate attachment to surfaces such as host cells are called ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
When a tissue has become sensitized from a maladaptive immune response toward a normally harmless substance, this is termed what?
a. infection b. immunocompromised c. hypersensitivity d. immunodeficiency
Describe how a penis becomes erect during sexual intercourse
What will be an ideal response?