Which statements best describes the differences between Heideggerian and Husserlian phenomenology? (Select all that apply.)
a. Husserl proposed that the researcher could identify and set aside his or her own private attitudes and opinions before data analysis.
b. Heidegger postulated that a person interacted with the world only through his or her physical body.
c. Heideggerians believe that the past has no influence on present thought.
d. Heideggerian phenomenologists posit that the person is situated in a specific context and time that shape his or her experiences, paradoxically freeing and constraining the person's ability to establish meanings through language, culture, history, purposes, and values.
e. Husserl developed his ideas as a method for understanding and avoiding conflict between psychology and the basic sciences.
ANS: A, B, D, E
Heideggerian phenomenologists believe that the person is a self within a body; the person is referred to as embodied. Husserlian phenomenologists believe that although self and world are mutually shaping, it is possible to separate oneself from one's beliefs or set aside one's beliefs to see the world firsthand in a naive way. Setting aside one's beliefs during qualitative research is called bracketing. Heideggerian phenomenologists posit that the person is situated in a specific context and time that shape his or her experiences, paradoxically freeing and constraining the person's ability to establish meanings through language, culture, history, purposes, and values. Husserl developed his ideas about phenomena in an effort to resolve the conflict in thought between human sciences (primarily psychology) and the basic sciences (such as physics).
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