Each time 3-year-old Maddy uses her potty chair, her father puts a sticker on a chart. After earning five stickers, Maddy gets to pick out a small toy at the store. Which approach is Maddy's father using to increase the likelihood that Maddy will continue to use the potty chair?
A. bribery
B. classical conditioning
C. reinforcement
D. social learning
Answer: C
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Anne and Morgan were born in the same year, listened to the same bands, and attended similar colleges. In epidemiological research, they might be said to _____
a. be used as genetic experimental controls b. be viewed as a control group c. be considered a "proband" d. be in a cohort
Ramon and Edith have been married for 60 years and, when a local news station interviews them on their anniversary, they both say that their relationship keeps getting better and better, every year. What does longitudinal research on marital relationships say about how marital relationships change over time?
a. What matters is what they believe and if they believe their relationship is getting better, it must be getting better. b. When a marriage has lasted as long as theirs has, it is almost certainly getting better over time. c. In general, people in very long-term relationships will say they are getting better even if they are getting worse. d. While people may say their relationship is getting better, research indicates that their actual ratings of the relationship will either stay the same or get worse.
Positive therapeutic outcomes are associated with . . .
a. Individuals increasing their identification with their ideal selves b. Individuals reducing the discrepancy between their ideal and actual selves c. Individuals reducing the discrepancy between their conditional and unconditional selves d. None of the above
A syllogism is a form of reasoning in which:
A) persuasive arguments sway a listener into believing a set of claims. B) speculation takes precedence over facts. C) a conclusion follows from two statements that are true. D) a conclusion is implied but not directly stated.