Discuss Russell Ackoff’s critique of the classical approach to problem solving.
What will be an ideal response?
According to Russell Ackoff, the commonly used classical approach to problem solving is a reductionist process. Managers tend to break an organization into its basic parts (departments), understand the behavior and properties of the parts, and add the understanding of the parts together to understand the whole. They focus on making independent departments operate as efficiently as possible. According to systems theorists, the reductionist approach cannot yield an understanding of the organization, only knowledge of how it works. Because the parts of a system are interdependent, even if each part is independently made to perform as efficiently as possible, the organization as a whole may not perform as effectively as possible. For example, all-star athletic teams are made up of exceptional players. But because such players have not played together as a team before, the all-star team may not be able to beat an average team in the league.
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Management accounting activities
A) are synonymous with financial accounting activities. B) are substitute for the management process. C) complement the management process. D) have nothing to do with the management process.
Research has shown that job applicants who participate in computer interviews
a. are more likely to respond dishonestly than when face to face. b. feel less need to give socially acceptable answers. c. prefer human interviews. d. are more likely to be asked illegal questions.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Taking away a negative consequence in response to a positive behavior is called positive reinforcement. 2. If we apply a reward, we are using the concept of positive reinforcement. 3. Selecting the types of delivery for a training partly depends on what information is being transferred. game periods. 4. With management games, trainees work as a team to manage a simulated company over several 5. Employee development is the process of teaching employees the skills necessary to perform the present job only.
The type of power where the targeted persons comply in order to avoid punishments is called
A) coercive power. B) reward power. C) legitimate power. D) expert power.