Tetralogy of Fallot (TF) is a genetic disorder characterized by four major malformations of the heart. The circulation of blood is abnormal, so TF patients have too little oxygen in their blood. Inadequate oxygen levels result in damaged mitochondrial membranes, which in turn cause cells to self-destruct. In 2004, Sarah Kuruvilla and her colleagues looked at abnormalities in the mitochondria of
heart muscle in TF patients. Some of their results are shown in Figure 7.13 (on previous slide). What conclusion do the data support about mitochondrial abnormalities and levels of oxygen saturation of the blood (SPO2)?
1.Abnormalities in size of mitochondria is not an important factor.
2.Abnormalities in number of mitochondria have a significant impact on SPO2.
3.The combination of broken mitochondria and abnormal numbers of mitochondria causes the lowest levels of SPO2.
4.Younger patients have lower levels of SPO2.
1
You might also like to view...
Movement of charged molecules in an electrical field, which is used to separate nucleic acid fragments for recombinant DNA work, is called ________.
A. nucleophoresis B. electrophoresis C. iontophoresis D. plasmaphoresis
Transpiration is
A. the process by which bacteria converts ammonia into nitrite. B. a type of symbiotic relationship. C. the accumulation of a pesticide as it moves through a food chain. D. the loss of water from plant surfaces.
A site at the 5' end of a gene where RNA polymerase attaches to initiate transcription and control of gene expression occurs is called a(n).
A. repressor. B. operator. C. CAP. D. operon. E. promoter.
Triploblastic refers to animals that
A. form three blastopores in each blastula. B. form three separate blastulas from a single embryo. C. produce three eggs, each of which forms a single blastula. D. have a blastula composed of three cells. E. have three germ layers.