WAN Network Topology
Background/Scenario
Packet Tracer allows the design and creation of a simulated networking topology. In this activity, youare presented with a simplified topology to observe packet flow. You will explore how packets travel through the network using the simulation mode in Packet Tracer. You will also observe the changes in packet flow when there is a change in the network topology.
Step 1. PC0 to websites.
a. Remaining in Simulation mode, open a web browser on PC0. Enter www.cisco.pka and
press Go.
Predict the packet path to resolve www.cisco.pka to an IP address. Record your
prediction.
DNS packets: PC0 > Wireless Router0 > Cable Modem0 > Cloud0 > Router5 > East >
Switch0 > Switch2 > Switch1 > Public DNS and reverse the path back to the originator
PC0.
b. Click Capture / Forward until the webpage is displayed on PC0 to view the packet
flow. Click View Previous Events when prompted by the Buffer Full dialog box.
After the IP address has been resolved, which path did HTTP packets travel to display
the webpage? Record your observations.
DNS packets: PC0 > Wireless Router0 > Cable Modem0 > Cloud0 > Router5 > Router2>
Router4 > West > Switch > www.cisco.pka and reverse the path back to the originator
PC0.
c. Switch to Real time mode (Shift + R). Remove the link between Router4 and Router2
from the topology to simulate an inaccessible path. The routers are using Enhanced
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) to dynamically adjust routing tables to
account for the deleted link.
d. Switch to Simulation mode (Shift + S). Open a web browser in Tablet0 and navigate to
www.cisco.pka.
e. With a broken link in the WAN, how would the path change? Record your observation.
It will go through Router2 > Router1 or Router3 > Router4 to www.cisco.pka.
f. Switch to Real time mode (Shift + R).
Step 2. PC1 to websites.
a. Click PC1 > Desktop and open a command prompt.
b. Enter tracert www.web.pka at the command.
PC> tracert www.web.pka
Tracing route to 209.165.202.132 over a maximum of 30 hops:
c. Match the IP addresses in the tracert results to the devices in the topology. Hover over
the routers in the topology to view the IP addresses of the interfaces on the routers. If
the popup does not stay active long enough, you can access router IP addresses in the
following manner: Click the router > CLI > press Enter. Now enter the command show
ip interface brief to get a listing of the interfaces and IP addresses.
Network address translation (NAT) is used to translate the private www.web.pka IP
address of 192.168.2.254 to a routable IPv4 address of 209.165.202.132. In the tracert
result, the first line of IPv4 address of 209.165.202.132 is for the G0/1 interface of East.
The second line of IPv4 address of 209.165.202.132 displays the public IPv4 address of
the web server.
d. Switch to Simulation mode (Shift + S). Open the web browser on PC1 and enter www.
web.pka as the URL. Click Go.
e. Click Capture / Forward to load the web page.
f. Compare the tracert results to the simulation results for the HTTP packets. Record
your observations.
The tracert and simulation results both show the same path to the web server.
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