Distinguish between the primary structures in the hindbrain and give a function for each. Describe the basic role of the hindbrain in overall brain function.
What will be an ideal response?
The medulla is a primary structure in the hindbrain that oversees functions like breathing, digesting, and the beating of the heart. The cerebellum is the small brain that comes off the back of the brain and is important in coordinating muscle movements, balance, posture, and equilibrium; it has also been shown to play a part in memory for language, emotions, and some higher-order human functions such as decision-making. The pons sits just above the medulla and serves as an area where sensory signals cross from one side of the body to the other side of the brain. It plays an important role in consciousness, sleep, and dreaming. The hindbrain, then, is critical for basic functions of the body, including breathing, heartbeat, organizing sleep and consciousness, and coordinating motor responses that assist with balance and posture.
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