As children get older, particularly in high school and college,
a. females show a substantial advantage in mathematical calculation.
b. females show a moderate advantage in mathematical problem solving.
c. males show a substantial advantage in mathematical calculation.
d. males show a moderate advantage in mathematical problem solving.
D
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What did Calhoun mean by "the behavioral sink?"
A. The shape of the experimental setting was like that of a sink (round with slanted walls), forcing rats to associate more than they normally would in the middle. B. The degree of abnormal behavior among the high-density rats was so extreme that it seemed like a sinkhole or pit of ever-degenerating behavior C. The rats in the high-density group failed to carry out their usual cleaning and hygiene behaviors. D. The rats' behaviors represented a new low in the treatment of animal research subjects.
Christopher is 4 months old. He prefers to be held by his mother or father rather than relatives or people he's never met. In terms of attachment, in which of Ainsworth's phases is Christopher?
a. Absolute-attachment phase b. Initial-preattachment phase c. Attachment-in-the-making phase d. Clear-cut-attachment phase
Which of the following stimulants is widely available on the black market?
A. mescaline B. heroin C. methamphetamine D. morphine
Learning takes place in a connectionist network through a process of ___________ in which an error signal is transmitted starting from the property units.
A. graceful degradation B. error verification C. spreading activation D. back propagation