Which of the following is not one of the three elements included in Edwin Sutherland's definition of criminology?

a. The process of breaking laws
b. The process of making laws
c. How we react to the breaking of laws
d. The operation of the criminal justice system


Answer: D

Criminal Justice

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Scores of studies of displacement find either no evidence of displacement or small amounts of it that do not equal the crime prevented

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Many studies have found that neighborhood watch programs are not only unsupportive in reducing crime, but these groups actually ______.

a. increase property crime within the neighborhoods b. increase violent crime within the neighborhoods c. increase the fear of crime in some places d. displace some crime to nearby neighborhoods

Criminal Justice

Training schools for girls generally are more limited and offer training programs in sewing, food service, secretarial skills, and beauty care

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

During the initial classification hearing, what is true from the below responses?

a. The victim is present at the hearing. b. The offender is present at the hearing. c. The offender may have an attorney present. d. The offender is not present.

Criminal Justice