Statistical studies suggest that the cost of direct controls for any target level of pollution is
a. much higher than the cost of taxes on emissions.
b. about the same as the cost of taxes on emissions.
c. lower than the cost of taxes on emissions.
d. impossible to compare to the cost of taxes on emissions.
a
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In contrast to the United States, the European Union has chosen
A. greater wage inequality for lower unemployment. B. less wage inequality and lower unemployment. C. greater wage inequality and higher unemployment. D. similar wage inequality but more unemployment. E. less wage inequality for higher unemployment.
Since the 1980s, federal spending on higher education has taken the form of
A. a substantial shift toward subsidized loans rather than grants. B. a substantial shift toward grants rather than loans. C. direct payments to universities. D. direct payments to faculty.
Refer to the above figure. Between points f and g, the opportunity cost of producing 75 more bushels of wheat is
A. 4 bushels of beans. B. 100 bushels of beans. C. 1 bushel of beans. D. 25 bushels of beans.
Research studies indicate that:
A. U.S. producers gain more from tariffs than U.S. consumers lose. B. the costs of trade restrictions are proportionately higher for high-income groups than for low-income groups. C. the revenue from tariffs equals the total cost that tariffs impose on consumers. D. U.S. consumers lose more from tariffs than U.S. producers gain.