. Discuss the adaptive advantages and disadvantages of each of the “Big 5” personality traits.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The big five are extraversion, neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. According to work from Nettle, each of these five traits may be well and/or poorly suited to the environment depending on current conditions. Most people are a mix of many if not all of these traits. Extraversion advantages: Social allies, mating success, greater exploration of the environment; Disadvantages: Risky behavior, family instability. Neuroticism advantages: Vigilance to danger, competitiveness, striving for success; Disadvantages: Stress and depression, often with profound interpersonal and health consequences. Openness advantages: Creativity, greater perceived attractiveness; Disadvantages: Unusual beliefs, greater propensity for psychosis. Conscientiousness advantages: Attention to long-term survival benefits, patient, and detail oriented, attention to beneficial social characteristics; Disadvantages: Obsessiveness, rigidity, often misses immediate survival advantages. Agreeableness advantages: Attentiveness to the mental states of others (high empathy) and easy interpersonal relationships; Disadvantages: Often cheated or taken advantage of, failure to act in own best interest.
Learning Objective: Learning Objective: 14.1 Identify personality disorders, personality traits, and the characteristics of a healthy self
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Evolution and Different Personality Characteristics
Difficulty Level: Hard
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