_____ involve any variable that can explain, partly or fully, cross-cultural differences when they are observed in a study
a) Demographic factors
b) Multi-level studies
c) Contextual factors
d) Structure-oriented studies
c
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In an independent-measures ANOVA, individual differences contribute to the variance in the numerator and in the denominator of the F-ratio. For a repeated-measures ANOVA, what happens to the individual differences in the denominator of the F-ratio?
a. They do not exist because the same individuals participate in all treatments. b. They are measured and subtracted out in the second stage of the analysis. c. Individual differences contribute to the variance in the denominator. d. None of the other options accurately describes individual differences in the denominator.
According to the behaviorists, the link between permissiveness for sexual and aggressive behavior and adult needs for power probably occurs because permitting such behaviors
a. prevents the Oedipal and Electra complexes from being resolved. b. causes a fixation to occur at the phallic stage. c. causes incongruence between the individual's real self and external reality. d. allows children to get pleasure from asserting themselves.
In an experimental study on the effects of exercise on stress, exercise is the _____
a. dependent variable b. independent variable c. control group d. experimental group
Antidepressant medication tends to increase the concentration of __________ in the brain
a. dopamine c. acetylcholine b. serotonin or noradrenaline d. norepinephrine