In an experiment, confounding occurs when
a. there is a main effect of the independent variable being manipulated.
b. a second variable is unintentionally manipulated along with the independent variable so that it is not clear which variable has had an effect.
c. there is a second dependent variable that changes as a result of the independent variable manipulation.
d. there is no significant effect of the independent variable manipulation.
B
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Winona, age 22, is a new mother, and Anna, age 38, is also a new mother. According to the __________, both of these women may experience similar psychological forces based on their common experience of being a new mother.
A. psychosocial engagement perspective B. life events model C. normative-crisis model D. use-it-or-lose-it model
As defined in the text, dual attitudes consist of ____
a. automatic attitudes and deliberate attitudes b. conditioned attitudes and unconditioned attitudes c. cognitions and emotions d. beliefs and opinions
Getting lots of independent opinions from average people _____
a. usually leads to very poor choices b. produces mediocre ideas and weak decisions c. makes for collective wisdom d. creates more problems than it solves
The batter has just hit a high fly ball to center field where you are standing. As the ball spirals down, you are able to focus on this object and judge distances because of
a. convergence. b. the motion parallax. c. linear perspective. d. accommodation.