What are the advantages of unity power factor?
What will be an ideal response?
Utility companies and industrial plants try to keep the power factor of their ac circuits as close to unity as possible. The unity power factor is desirable because of the following:
1. The quadrature current in the line wires causes I2R losses, just as the in-phase current causes power losses in the circuit conductors. Therefore, if the power factor is raised to a value near unity, the power losses in the line wires are reduced and the efficiency of transmission is increased.
2. If the power factor is corrected to a value near unity, there is less voltage drop in the line. As a result, the voltage at the load is more constant.
3. AC circuits operated at a high power factor improve the efficiency and operating performance of ac generators and transformers supplying these circuits.
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