What are the levels of microbial associations in the environment? How do they relate to an ecosystem?
What will be an ideal response?
Microorganisms are associated with each other at many levels in the environment. Individual growing and reproducing organisms that are all of one species are referred to as a population. Populations of microorganisms performing metabolically related processes are known as guilds. Guilds constitute communities. Guilds and populations within a community typically reside in their own habitat. Together, the organisms, environment, and relationship between the two constitute the ecosystem.
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All three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya) follow the same genetic code. Therefore, which of the following statements would most likely be correct?
A) The genetic code evolved three times. B) The genetic code evolved before DNA replaced RNA as the unit of genetic information. C) There were no mutations following the evolution of the genetic code. D) The genetic code evolved before the different domains diverged.
Usually, the first procedure a genetic counselor performs for a client is _____
a. amniocentesis b. construction of a karyotype c. biochemical testing d. construction of a pedigree based on family and medical histories e. ultrasonic imaging
Alligators and birds are thought to have more in common than lizards. In considering the clade that includes alligators and birds, which trait would be derived when comparing them to lizards?
A. Body shape B. Four limbs C. Egg laying D. Four-chambered heart E. Bones
What is the function of class 1 release factors?
a. They release deacylated tRNAs from the ribosome. b. They release class 2 release factors from the ribosome. c. They recognize termination codons and bind to the ribosomal A site. d. They assist in ribosomal translocation. e. They release amino acids from tRNAs.