The nurse understands that peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis use which processes to clean the patient's blood? (Select all that apply.)
a. Gravity
b. Osmosis
c. Diffusion
d. Filtration
ANS: B, C
Osmosis and diffusion are the two processes used to clean the patient's blood in both types of dialysis. In peritoneal dialysis, osmosis and dialysis occur across the semi-permeable peritoneal membrane. In hemodialysis, osmosis and dialysis occur through the filter membrane on the artificial kidney. In peritoneal dialysis, the dialysate flows by gravity out of the abdomen. Gravity has no effect on cleansing of the blood. Filtration is the process that occurs in the glomerulus as blood flows through the kidney.
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