The nurse, assessing a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident, notes a large purple discoloration of the thigh. The nurse explains to the patient that he has:
A) a laceration.
B) a contusion.
C) an abrasion.
D) an acceleration-deceleration injury.
B) a contusion.
Explanation: A) When a blunt force injures tissue to the extent that a tearing of the tissue occurs, the injury is called a laceration.
B) Contusions occur when blunt force is applied to the tissues causing underlying blood vessels to tear, resulting in ecchymosis or purple discoloration of the skin due to blood seeping into the subcutaneous tissues.
C) Abrasions occur when the superficial layers of the skin are damaged as a result of friction or pressure from being rubbed or scraped along a fixed object.
D) Brain injury in children and adults can result from a direct blow to the head (coup injury) or the acceleration-deceleration movement of the brain (contrecoup injury). The inertial forces that result when the head and skull stop moving allow the brain tissue to continue moving within the skull. This results in tearing of nerves, fibers, and blood vessels.
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A patient reports that financial problems are stressing his marriage. Today he heard rumors about impending cutbacks at work, and he fears he will be laid off
He is wringing his hands, has a pulse rate of 112/minute, respirations are 26/minute, and his blood pressure is 166/88 instead of being in his usual 110-120/76-84 range. Which nursing intervention or recommendation should be used first? a. Go to sleep 30 to 60 minutes earlier each night to increase rest. b. Relax by spending more time playing with his pet dog. c. Slow and deepen breathing via use of a positive, repeated word. d. Consider that a new job might be better than his present one.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from reviewing how health care costs are spread over a person's lifetime?
a. Health care expenditures increase with age. b. Premature newborns incur more costs than other children from birth through adulthood. c. The majority of cost is incurred during middle age when chronic diseases strike. d. Persons aged 85 years and above spend the most money on health care.
The traditional diet of Asian women includes little meat and few dairy products and may be low in calcium and iron. The nurse can help a client increase her intake of these foods by which action?
a. Suggest that she eat more tofu, bok choy, and broccoli. b. Suggest that she eat more hot foods during pregnancy. c. Emphasize the need for increased milk intake during pregnancy. d. Tell her husband that she must increase her intake of fruits and vegetables for the baby's sake.
With the crisis in health care and the nursing shortage, why is the image of nursing still important?
a. Nursing care is often delivered during a time of uncertainty, and the image of nurses during this time can reinforce trust in the nurse-patient relationship. b. Physicians have a distinctive body of knowledge that identifies them as professionals, whereas nursing has yet to develop a unique body of knowledge on which to base practice. c. Nurses must present a unified image if they hope to ever establish nursing as a profession. d. The dynamic state of today's health care requires nurses to move from a caring image to one of technologic competence.