According to Alexander (2010), mass imprisonment policies have functioned to create a black undercaste through ______.
a. a network of laws
b. a network of policies
c. a network of customs
d. all of these
Ans: D
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When is a confession NOT considered to be coerced?
a. when police promise leniency c. when threats are made to arrest members of a suspect's family b. when the police use deception d. when physical pressures unduly influence the accused to make a statement
The decline in the number of jails in the U.S. is mainly due to
A) the retiring of outdated facilities. B) a shift in population centers. C) a rapid drop in crime rates. D) an increase in the size of facilities.
Jaycee Dugard was held captive by the Garrido family for how many years?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 18 d. 21
According to research on the treatment of girls in the juvenile justice system, which of the following is false?
a. Females represented an increasing percentage of cases that were petitioned for formal processing and ultimately adjudicated. b. Females were committed to a correctional facility at much older ages than those of males. c. Females and males exhibit similar cumulative percentages for each sentence length. d. Female delinquents were substantially more likely to have been detained for status offenses