In Vygotsky's theory, "scaffolding" means that the parent or teacher
a. stays out of the child's way so that discovery happens.
b. assists the child with difficult parts of the task.
c. provides social support by having other children nearby.
d. demonstrates everything so that the child learns via observation and avoids making mistakes.
B
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Which of the following is the title of the book that classifies psychological disorders and lists the symptoms of each diagnosis?
a. The Stafford Handbook of Psychiatric Diagnosis b. The Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders c. The International Mental Illness Tome d. The American Standard Diagnostic Encyclopedia
Which of the following is NOT a common result of burnout?
a. closer ties with family b. quitting the job c. alcohol abuse d. interpersonal discord e. abusing drugs
The use of twins in research where one twin is in an experimental group and the other is in a control group involves the use of
a. an equivalent control group design. b. the equivalent of a one group pretest-posttest design. c. natural pairs d. complete counterbalancing.
Which of the following statements about the effects on children of attending preschool is true?
a) For the most part, attending preschool is beneficial for young children. b) There are no cognitive benefits for children who attend preschool. c) Attending preschool results in higher verbal and math skills but lower performance on measures of memory and listening comprehension. d) Children from middle-class families benefit more cognitively from preschool than children from low-income backgrounds.