How did Carroll conceptualize intelligence?
What will be an ideal response?
Carroll's model is a hierarchy composed of three strata. Stratum I includes many narrow, specific abilities (e.g., spelling ability, speed of reasoning). Stratum II includes various broad abilities (e.g., fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence). And Stratum III is just a single general intelligence, much like Spearman's "g" factor. Of these strata, the most interesting is the middle stratum, which is neither too narrow nor too all encompassing. In addition to fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence, Carroll includes in the middle stratum several other abilities. They are learning and memory processes, visual perception, auditory perception, facile production of ideas (similar to verbal fluency), and speed (which includes both sheer speed of response and speed of accurate responding). Carroll's model is probably the most widely accepted of the psychometric models.
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What is an example of a primary reinforcer?
A. Stickers B. Playing a game C. Pretzels D. A hug
Cultural appropriateness is:
a. not a particularly important factor in designing early childhood curriculum. b. an emphasized and important component of appropriate practice. c. only important in programs for infants and toddlers. d. can limit teachers' ability to treat children fairly
Two areas that could receive immediate attention for stronger and more equalized support with regard to weighting factors are capital outlay and debt service expenditures
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Which of the following techniques is recommended for early childhood teachers to exercise with students who are experiencing dysfluency?
a. Allow children to interrupt a child who is having difficulty talking to help them. b. Do not give eye contact to children who are struggling so that the child does not feel uncomfortable. c. Model speech that is slow and smooth so that children do not feel pressured to rush when they speak. d. Do not include singing in the curriculum as it might be too challenging for the students who are struggling.