In the context ofthreats to internal validity, history refers to:
a. the time between pretest and posttest results that may affect the results of a study.
b. an event that occurs duringthe administration of atreatment and that may affect a researcher's observations.
c. the differences between groups that exist before the implementation of a treatment and that may indirectly affect the conclusion drawn by the researcher.
d. a developmental change in participantsbetween the pretest and the posttest that might affect the results.
b
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In the Mitchell Model of defusing/debriefing crisis, the reaction phase relates to individuals’
a. perceptions of the worst part of the crisis event b. thoughts surrounding the crisis c. facts of the event as they know them d. discussion of expected group outcomes
At the intrapersonal level, the root of many minority clients' distress is:
a. their experience of being victimized by an oppressive and discriminatory dominant culture. b. underlying feelings of hostility toward the dominant culture. c. anxiety about conflicting minority group and prevailing cultural norms. d. loss of intimacy and failures of communication.
Family, school, work, and friends are examples of a client's
a. problems. b. systems. c. worldview. d. reality.
The compound found in certain mushrooms used for their hallucinogenic effect is ____________.
a. phencyclidine b. psilocybin c. peyote d. ergot