A client is suspected of having a disease process affecting the functional unit of the kidney. Which structure is most likely involved?
A) Glomerulus
B) Bowman's capsule
C) Loop of Henle
D) Nephron
Ans: D
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The functional unit of the kidney is called the nephron. Each kidney has more than 1 million nephrons, and each nephron is capable of forming urine. The nephron consists of the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct. The glomerulus is a network of blood vessels, surrounded by Bowman's capsule, where urine formation begins. The tubules, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts are passageways that permit urine to flow to the renal pelvis and then to the ureters.
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