The nurse manager of the neonatal intensive care unit is preparing a handout for parents of ill newborns. Which statement should the nurse include?
1. Newborns can eliminate excess fluid as quickly as an adult.
2. The kidneys are fully functional by 30 weeks' gestation.
3. Neonates have a tendency to become dehydrated.
4. Sugar is rarely present in the urine of a newborn.
3
Rationale:
1. Newborns have difficulty eliminating excess fluid because of their relatively low glomerular filtration rate.
2. Full nephron function doesn't develop until 34–36 weeks.
3. Neonates cannot concentrate their urine or pull water back into the vascular volume, and thus can become dehydrated easily.
4. Tubular reabsorption of glucose, sodium, amino acids, and bicarbonate is limited in newborns. Glucosuria therefore develops.
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