Explain how behavioral conditioning methods can be used to treat enuresis
What will be an ideal response?
The standard behavioral intervention, based on classical conditioning principles, is using an alarm that sounds at the first detection of urine. Bed-wetting alarms have been around since Mowrer and Mowrer (1938) first invented the "bell and pad" (a battery-operated device that produced a loud sound as soon as a drop of urine closed the electrical circuit), and they are among the safest and most effective treatments. Modern alarms have a simple moisture sensor that snaps into a child's pajamas, with a small speaker attached to the shoulder to awaken the child. A single drop of urine completes the electronic circuit, setting off a piercing alarm that causes the child to tense and reflexively stop urinating.
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A child psychologist believes that the level of aggressive behavior of 3- to 5-year-old children is strongly influenced by the types of toys available to play with. To test her hypothesis, she arranges with a local preschool to run the following experiment: For one week, the children will be able to play with all the toys normally available at the school. Then, all war-like toys (toy soldiers,
tanks, guns, etc.) will be removed for a week. In the third week, the war-like toys will be reintroduced, and in the fourth week removed again. During each week, the psychologist will observe the children's level of aggressive behavior. What type of quasi experimental design is illustrated in this example? a. delayed control group b. repeated treatment c. interrupted time series d. regression discontinuity
Anger is usually triggered by
sadness. fear. frustration. shame.
When a control group is used in experimental research, the members of the control group will be treated exactly the same as the
A. treatment group, except that they will be exposed to the independent variable. B. treatment group in every way. C. control group in any other psychology study. D. treatment group, except that they will not be exposed to the independent variable.
The ________ is an insulating coating of fat and protein wrapped around an axon.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).