Which of the following is NOT a basis for the problem of sentencing disparities in criminal justice processing?
A. the mechanics of plea bargaining
B. the discretionary power of sentencing judges
C. the existence of mandatory sentencing statutes
D. the structure of indeterminate sentencing guidelines
C. the existence of mandatory sentencing statutes
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Robert Wells, a noted authority, has stated that VISs may promote the ____ recovery of victims
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
As a general rule, adult employees of federal and state governments have full Fourth Amendment protections. Some employees in sensitive jobs, especially those that require the carrying of firearms or that involve direct drug interdiction, may
A) require that the government prove that probable cause exists to believe that the employee is a user of illegal drugs prior to being forced to submit to a drug screen test. B) have to submit to warrantless and suspicionless drug testing when applying for a promotion or job transfer because the needs of the governmental agency outweigh the small loss of privacy required by the search. C) be subject to suspicionless testing, but a warrant will be required to assure the legality of the search. D) have to submit to a warrant-based drug screening in order to continue employment, but the warrant required is based on the reduced level of probable cause that applies for administrative search situations. E) have to give a urine sample but cannot be forced to give a blood sample for drug testing since the intrusiveness of blood testing offends the Fourth Amendment requirements.
Which does not meet the mens rea of first-degree murder?
a. Willful. b. Voluntarily. c. Deliberate. d. Premeditation.
Which of the following statements best reflects control theory?
a. delinquents are alienated from conventional peers, but have strong bonds to delinquent peers b. delinquents are detached from their conventional peers and from their delinquent peers c. delinquents learn delinquent values, attitudes, and behaviors from their peers d. none of the above statements reflect control theory