Five species of ants can be found on aspen sunflowers (Helianthella quinquenervis), which live in wet mountain meadows of the Rocky Mountains. The aspen sunflowers provide nectar to the ants in special structures called extrafloral nectaries
The ants, in turn, protect the
sunflowers from other insects. The ants, however, are not found solely on the
sunflowers—they can be found tending aphids on other flower species and collecting nectar
from other species as well. This, then, is an example of a(n):
A. obligate mutualism
B. obligate antagonism
C. facultative mutualism
D. facultative antagonism
E. none of the answer options are correct.
C
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Matching II. Match all applicable letters with the
appropriate term(s). Letters may be used more than once, and a blank may contain more than one letter. 1. ___ collenchyma 2. ___ cortex 3. ___ endodermis 4. ___ epidermis 5. ___ parenchyma 6. ___ periderm 7. ___ phloem 8. ___ pith 9. ___ procambium 10. ___ sclerenchyma 11. ___ stomata 12. ___ vascular cambium 13. ___ xylem A. tissue that is part of the ground system B. tissue that is part of the vascular system C. tissue that is part of the dermal system D. develops into the vascular cambium E. leaf’s photosynthetic tissues (palisade and spongy) are in this category F. transports photosynthetic products away from leaves and stem G. meristematic tissue H. develops into secondary xylem and phloem I. transports water and dissolved nutrients up to the stem and leaves J. replaces the epidermis in plants that undergo secondary growth K. a single layer of cells that helps control the movement of water and dissolved salts into the xylem pipeline L. influence the movement of carbon dioxide into the leaf and movement of water out of the leaf M. generally, dead cells that provide support and strength to all three tissue systems N. ground tissue centrally located within a ring of vascular bundles
Which of the following mutualists cannot survive without the mutualistic interaction?
A) facultative B) subordinate C) dependent D) obligate
Which of the following steps initiates an inflammatory response?
A) Macrophages engulf the debris or foreign material. B) Macrophages secrete cytokines. C) Arterioles dilate. D) Capillary permeability increases. E) Leukocytes migrate to the infection.
The number of offspring produced by each reproducing member of a species, the ratio of males to females, and the time it takes offspring to become reproductively mature are determinants of the ________ of a population
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word