A basic need such as food may be used as a ______ reinforcer, whereas a stimulus whose value must be learned is a ______ reinforcer
a. primary; continuous
b. secondary; shaping
c. primary; secondary
d. continuous; secondary
Answer: C
Rationale: Reinforcement may consist of stimuli that are inherently reinforcing, such as food, water, shelter, and sexual contact; on the other hand, many stimuli that we find reinforcing, such as money or grades, are reinforcing only after we first learn that they have value.
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