Describe the process by which infants form categories in the first year and second year. Provide an example to support your response.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. In the first year, infants tend to form categories based on perceptual features such as the parts of a vehicle, including roof, doors, windows, and wheels.
2. Toward the end of the first year (9 to 11 months) they can identify more subtle perceptual features, allowing them to differentiate something like planes and birds with similar-looking wings.
3. Researchers have found that by 14 months of age, infants can use conceptual categories. For example, they can put objects into piles based on category names (e.g., "dogs,""cats").
4. Children also think of an object in terms of its internal properties rather than just its perceptual features. For example, they know that animals can travel in jerky lines, but vehicles must travel in smooth lines.
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