In order to improve Mike's grades, his mother has been
using various reinforcements to encourage studying and the completion of homework. She has observed that playing a board game with him is worth more to Mike than buying him a small toy or candy treat. That Mike considers his mother's time more important to him than a toy or treat illustrates Julian Rotter's concept of
a. reinforcement value.
b. self-efficacy.
c. the psychological situation.
d. an expectancy.
ANSWER: a
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A. a tendency to be unpredictably violent B. a significant loss of contact with reality C. an inability to know right from wrong D. an abrupt shift in personality from one pattern to another
An example of a representational skill in toddlerhood is
a. zipping a coat. b. telling a make-believe story. c. sorting blocks by color. d. designing a scientific experiment.
Rosario is a nurse in a large metropolitan hospital. There are some shifts that are very busy and very stressful. Which of the following would be the best example of a problem-focused coping strategy to help her deal with these stressful times?
A. Allow herself to have a cigarette now and then, even though she quit smoking six months ago. B. Determine times of the week or year that are usually busier, so that she can prepare for them C. Take up jogging or some other form of physical exercise when she's not at work. D. Switch to a low-carb diet to avoid gaining unwanted weight.
Cue exposure training involves the use of ______ to treat alcohol dependence
a. punishment c. extinction procedures b. intrinsic rewards d. aversive conditioning