In addition to salt, what were the most valuable commodities in the trans-Sahara trade from the eleventh through fifteenth centuries?

a. iron and yams
b. hardwood and ivory
c. gold and slaves
d. kola nuts and malaguetta peppers


Answer: C. gold and slaves

By the end of the 5th century, Berbers were routinely traveling across the Sahara to trade salt and other goods to the African states in Sudan, Mali, Ghana, and elsewhere in western Africa. In exchange, they received gold, which the sub-Saharan African states had in abundance. Indeed, travelers to these early African states have left accounts of plentiful quantities of gold decorating sub-Saharan African courts, homes, and people, from gold-embroidered clothing, swords, and scabbards, to even gold pet accessories! After acquiring the gold, the Berbers traveled back across the Sahara to trade the gold back to Mediterranean and North African traders

Environmental & Atmospheric Sciences

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