The clinic clients respond negatively to the need for a yearly flu shot. They ask why the medical communities don't just create one shot that will last for several years. Which explanation should the nurse give?
A) Genetic changes in the bacteria that cause the flu require a rotating course of antibiotics.
B) Genetic changes make the flu virus resistant to the flu shot from year to year.
C) There is more than one strain of the flu virus and you must be protected from all of them.
D) The shots last only for 3 to 6 months and must be renewed on a yearly basis.
Ans: B
Feedback:
As microbes reproduce, genetic changes may result in pathogens that are immunologically distinct from their parental strains. For example, antigenic drift, the slow and progressive genetic changes that take place in DNA and RNA as organisms replicate in multiple hosts, causes changes in influenza viruses each year. These frequent changes that result from antigenic drift mean that there is a new seasonal influenza vaccine each year. The flu is caused by the influenza virus, not bacteria, so antibiotics would not be appropriate for treatment. One does not need to be protected from all strains of the flu virus, only the ones prevalent in the client's area at the present time. Vaccination shots typically last for years, not for 3 to 6 months.
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