Describe the roles played by schemas and scripts in rational thought
What will be an ideal response?
A schema is a cluster of related concepts that form a framework for thinking about a topic or event. Schemas provide expectations that allow us to use a term in different contexts. Schemas can accumulate new information or can be altered to accommodate new facts. A schema for an event (going to the restaurant) is known as a script. These help us decide how to act in a specific situation.
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Because people of the same age and sex live in the same historical times and select from similar societal options,
a. unrelated pairs of students of the same age and sex will appear very dissimilar on most traits. b. you will find several children with the same first name in nearly every elementary classroom. c. children in today's elementary classrooms are significantly more diverse than the children in the elementary schools of 50 years ago. d. twins reared apart will always be significantly more similar than unrelated pairs of students.
According to the chapter Some Like It Hotabout personality and situational predictors of aggression, how
did the researchers measure aggression? (a) by having participants complete the Buss & Perry aggression inventory (b) by interviewing participants about their feelings of aggression (c) by counting the number of times participants hit a punching bag (d) by measuring how much hot sauce they allocated to the person they thought gave them feedback on their essay
Michael, a seven-year-old boy, fell from his bicycle onto a stone pavement on the road. He was rushed to a hospital immediately. However, he could neither open his eyes nor respond to stimuli. Michael's loss of consciousness was most likely due to
A. damage to the reticular activating system of the brain stem. B. the presence of pontine tegmentum in the brain. C. the presence of a pathway between two cortical regions in the brain stem. D. damage to the prefrontal cortex of the brain.
Which example best illustrates prosocial behavior as defined by the text?
A) Steve buys himself a new car after getting a promotion. B) Doug decides to run for mayor because the current mayor is corrupt. C) John borrows a book from the library without checking it out. D) Bob donates his 1964 Ford Mustang to the Boy Scouts to help them raise money.