List and briefly describe the three different facets of loneliness identified by Cacioppo and others (2015)

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Based on their review of research, Stephanie Cacioppo and others (2015) have noted
that there are three facets or dimensions of loneliness—intimate, relational, and
collective (see Figure 9.2). Intimate loneliness is felt when someone wants but does
not have a spouse, significant other, or best friend to rely on for emotional support,
especially during personal crises. Somewhat outside our circle of personal space,
relational loneliness is felt when someone wants but lacks friendships from school
and work and family connections, the 15 or 50 people whom we see regularly and rely
on for occasional help, child care, resources, contacts, and advice. Representing the
outermost layer of our social network, collective loneliness comes from remote
relationships and the social identities we derive from, say, from alumni of the schools
we have attended and clubs we join on the basis of common needs or interests. The
more voluntary associations we have, the lower one's collective loneliness.