Konrad Lorenz believed the causes of aggression to be basically ________.
a. instinctive
b. learned
c. ritualistic
d. biochemical
e. invariant
Answer: a. instinctive
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Which of the following is a basic rationale for prosecuting and punishing corporations, rather than individual executives?
a. Only organizations, not individuals, can be deterred b. Organizations are less able to compensate victims than are individual executives c. Prosecutors can often secure cooperation more effectively when they have the option of prosecuting both the organization and individual executives d. Legal responsibility for crimes always lies ultimately with the corporation
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of open institutions?
A. They relieve the problem of overcrowding in other types of institutions. B. They ensure regulation and regimentation. C. They avoid many of the negative aspects of traditional total institutions. D. They have economic and community service advantages.
According to Braithwaite and Fisse, which of the following is not a common reason that corporations expend resources to police themselves?
a. They are not uniformly indifferent to an ethical obligation to do so b. They want to be seen as the moral leader in their respective economic sector c. They have a powerful self-interest in maintaining a good public reputation d. They want to preempt the imposition of government regulation
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Components of the Get-Tough Era included ______.
A. eliminating plea bargaining B. decreasing prison population C. stiffening sentencing penalties D. making parole harder to achieve