During a discussion of different cell types in the body, the instructor mentions that which types of cells renew themselves continuously throughout life?
A) Liver cells
B) Neurons
C) Cells lining the GI tract
D) Osteoblasts
Ans: C
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The process of differentiation is regulated by a combination of internal processes involving the expression of specific genes and external stimuli provided by neighboring cells, the ECM, and a variety of growth factors. The process occurs in orderly steps, with each progressive step being exchanged for a loss of ability to develop different cell characteristics. As a cell becomes more highly specialized, the stimuli that are able to induce mitosis become more limited. Neurons, which are highly specialized cells, lose their ability to proliferate once development of the nervous system is complete. In other, less specialized tissues, such as the skin and mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract, a high degree of cell renewal continues throughout life. Liver cells and osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) do not renew throughout life.
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