Postdecisional spreading is _________.

a. the effect of revaluating alternatives after a decision as less similar
b. keeping one’s options open to engage with other options
c. The increased dissonance one feels after making a choice
d. The increased consonance one feels after a making a choice


a. the effect of revaluating alternatives after a decision as less similar

Communication & Mass Media

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Karl is researching a speech on euthanasia. He knows that there are some excellent journal articles on the subject, but his university's small library doesn't carry the journals in which the articles appear

Karl has only a few days until he must give the speech.What should he do? A) Karl should substitute Web site information for the journal articles, because material from the Web is more accurate and current than published journal articles. B) Karl waited too longto start his research, so he'll have to use something else instead of the journal articles. C) Karl should use interlibrary loan to see if he can locate the needed journal articles. D) Karl should use a full-text database in anattempt to locate complete texts of the journal articles.

Communication & Mass Media

A general recommendation for an apology is to admit wrongdoing

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

Communication & Mass Media

When Sophia attended the first discussion section for her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won't learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical listening?

A. Listen attentively. B. Avoid prejudging the speaker. C. Support free speech. D. Take accurate notes. E. Avoid name-calling.

Communication & Mass Media

Planning meetings need a delegative style of leadership to be successful

A. True B. False

Communication & Mass Media