A patient who is newly diagnosed with HIV infection after a recent exposure calls to report fever, sore throat, myalgia, and night sweats. The nurse will notify the provider that this patient is most likely experiencing
a. acute retroviral syndrome.
b. AIDS.
c. an increased viral load.
d. an opportunistic infection.
ANS: A
Acute retroviral syndrome often occurs 2 to 12 weeks after exposure and is caused by rapid viral replication that triggers an immune response, resulting in CD4 cell replacement and HIV antibody production that causes the viral load to drop. This patient is experiencing symptoms of this syndrome. AIDS is a diagnosis that indicates advanced disease. Opportunistic infection symptoms are related to the type of infection.
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