A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about immunoglobulins. Which statement by a student indicates a need for further teaching?
a. "IgD provides a first line of defense against microbes entering the body through the lungs."
b. "IgE plays a role in hypersensitivity reac-tions and responses to parasites."
c. "IgG and IgM participate in the comple-ment response to promote target cell ly-sis."
d. "Neonatal immunity is the result of IgG crossing the placenta."
A
IgD serves as a receptor for antigen recognition on B cells, which is the only place it is found. IgE is involved in hypersensitivity responses and responses to parasites. IgG and IgM are in-volved in complement responses. IgG crosses the placenta and confers passive immunity on the fetus.
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A patient with type 1 diabetes has told the nurse that his most recent urine test for ketones was positive. What is the nurse's most plausible conclusion based on this assessment finding?
A) The patient should withhold his next scheduled dose of insulin. B) The patient should promptly eat some protein and carbohydrates. C) The patient's insulin levels are inadequate. D) The patient would benefit from a dose of metformin (Glucophage).
A patient with type 2 diabetes achieves adequate glycemic control through diet and exercise
Upon being admitted to the hospital for a cholecystectomy, however, the patient has required insulin injections on two occasions. The nurse would identify what likely cause for this short-term change in treatment? A) Alterations in bile metabolism and release have likely caused hyperglycemia. B) Stress has likely caused an increase in the patient's blood sugar levels. C) The patient has likely overestimated her ability to control her diabetes using nonpharmacologic measures. D) The patient's volatile fluid balance surrounding surgery has likely caused unstable blood sugars.
During report, a nurse complains about a 3-year-old boy, saying "He sure knows when to pour on the tears. There's nothing wrong until he sees you; then the tears start, but they stop as soon as you leave or his mother comes
He's just spoiled because they have a nanny at home who waits on him hand and foot." This is an example of a. lack of understanding of child development. b. frustration that the mother is not present. c. assessment of the child's behavior. d. stereotyping because the child has a nanny.
The nurse working with a patient diagnosed with borderline personality disorder expects
a. grief and social isolation. b. withdrawal and social avoidance. c. mood shifts, impulsivity, and manipulation. d. seductiveness, grandiosity, and overreaction.