Which clause has the federal government utilized to expand its jurisdiction over policy making as the scope of economic transactions has increased?
A. commerce
B. supremacy
C. advice and consent
D. necessary and proper
Answer: A
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9 There is wide agreement among the public and legal profession about what constitutes a "good judge"?
a. true b. false
How did Lester Brown’s predictions about U.S. dependence on basic raw materials and the power of the developing world over the U.S. hold up through the 1980s?
a. The prices of these materials went up, so Brown’s predictions of increased vulnerability proved true. b. The prices of these materials went down, so Brown’s predictions of increased vulnerability proved false. c. The U.S. transitioned away from using these raw materials, which invalidated Brown’s predictions. d. The prices of these materials did not rise, but there were shortages of materials that increased U.S. vulnerability, proving Brown partly correct.
Classic modernization theory relies on an empirical association between income and democracy. The variant of modernization theory examined in Chapter 6 states that it is not income per se that encourages democracy but, rather, changes in the socioeconomic structure of a country that accompany development. The advantage of this variant of modernization theory is that it explicitly provides a causal mechanism linking economic development and democracy. Scholars testing this variant often continue to use a measure of income (such as gross domestic product (GDP) per capita) to represent the level of development. Why?
A. because a country’s GDP per capita exactly measures the level of development of its socioeconomic structure B. because a country’s level of GDP is generally a reasonable proxy (substitute) for the level of development of a country’s socioeconomic structure (To capture other features, scholars often include measures of natural resource abundance, such as oil, as well.)