An experiment includes which of the following to allow researchers to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship?
A. instrumentation
B. randomization
C. manipulation of the independent variable
D. a control or comparison group
Answer:
B. randomization
C. manipulation of the independent variable
D. a control or comparison group
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You are watching a pigeon pecking a key for food reinforcement. The pigeon pecks at a very high, steady rate, but it also takes breaks from pecking each time food is delivered. Based on what is known about the pattern of responding produced by various schedules of reinforcement, you should conclude that the reinforcement schedule that is in place for this pigeon is a:
a. variable-ratio schedule b. fixed-interval schedule c. variable-interval schedule d. fixed-ratio schedule
The heritability coefficient of intelligence is roughly in which range?
A) .1–.3 B) .3–.5 C) .5–.7 D) .7–.9
The typical sex chromosome pairing for genetic females is
A. XY B. XX C. YY D. YX
How did Pop artist Roy Lichtenstein challenge the Abstract Expressionists’ ideas about painting?
A. through his use of popular subject matter B. through his use of realism C. through his painting technique D. through his smaller-scale canvases