The nurse assigned to implement a critical incident stress debriefing for a group who responded to a
plane crash disaster scene must correctly
organize the elements of the debriefing for maximal
effectiveness. Put the following elements in the order in which they should occur after an
explanation of the purpose and ground rules of the meeting have been given.
A. Ask each person to tell of his or her involvement in the incident.
B. Review the material discussed, then ask how closure should proceed.
C. Ask participants to discuss their first thoughts of the incident.
D. Ask participants to describe cognitive, physical, and emotional/behavioral symptoms
experienced at the scene and symptoms experienced after the initial experience.
E. Acknowledge and affirm the normality of expressed symptoms; offer anticipatory guidance.
F. Encourage discussion of the worst thing about the incident, what is painful, and what
participants would like to forget.
A, C, F, D, E, B
Rationale: Option A: The fact phase allows the participants to introduce themselves and tell how
each was involved, including what happened from their perspective. Option C: The thought phase
follows, with all participants discussing their first thoughts of the incident. Option F: First thoughts
are followed by a discussion of reactions to the event: the worst thing about the incident, what
participants would like to forget, and what was most painful. Option D: Symptoms are described:
what cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioral experience they encountered at the scene and after
the initial experience. Option E: The normalcy of the symptoms is affirmed and anticipatory
guidance is given regarding possible future symptoms. Option B: What has been discussed is
reviewed, how closure should proceed is determined, referrals are provided, and the debriefing
experience is summarized.
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