How is recombinant DNA introduced into bacterial cells?
A. Most bacterial cells are naturally competent so DNA just needs to be mixed with the cells.
B. Many bacterial cells can be transformed after being made competent by treatment with cold CaCl followed by a brief heat shock at 43°C.
C. Many bacterial cells can be transformed by applying high voltage to a mixture of cells and DNA for a sustained period of time.
D. Transformation can occur if DNA is mixed with bacterial cells that have been heat shocked.
E. None of these choices are correct.
B
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