The heart undergoes cardiac remodeling during the initial phase of heart failure. Which cardiac geometric change occurs during heart failure?
A. Ventricular constriction
B. Ventricular wall thickening
C. Ventricular atrophy
D. Ventricles become more cylindric
Ans: B. Ventricular wall thickening
Explanation: An increase in ventricular wall thickness, also called ventricular hypertrophy, is characteristic of the remodeling process during the initial phase of heart failure. The ventricles also dilate and become more spherical (less cylindric). This change in cardiac shape typically occurs after cardiac injury under the influence of the neurohormonal systems, such as the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
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