The nurse is assessing a client who complains of diffuse pain that started 1 year ago and who is having difficulty with appetite and sleeping. Which physical assessment finding should the nurse expect?
1. An elevated heart rate and blood pressure
2. High blood glucose levels
3. Normal vital signs
4. Symptoms of manic behavior
Answer: 3
1. The client is describing chronic pain, and the autonomic system adjusts to the pain, producing a normal heart rate and blood pressure.
2. Blood glucose levels will be normal unless the client is diabetic, which has nothing to do with pain.
3. Since the autonomic nervous system adjusts to chronic pain, vital signs will be normal.
4. The most likely psychological responses to chronic pain are depression and social withdrawal.
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