Discuss the effect of the Reformation on religious images and the resulting shift in subject matter for Northern European artists. How did the response by the Catholic Church change artistic trends in Italy at the time?
What will be an ideal response?
Protestant reforms included an attitude toward religious images that ranged from wariness to hostility. In their view, the Church in Rome encouraged the belief that images of saints and other figures possessed sacred powers. The walls of the Protestant churches were bare and artists had to look to new patrons. Northern European artists turned to the everyday world for subject matter, and the landscape was the most fruitful subject. The Catholic Church responded with the Counter-Reformation, supporting artists who understood and encouraged art's ability to appeal to the emotions, to engage the hearts of the faithful as well as their intellects. Many religious works during this time used the Mannerist style to depict sacred subjects.
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