You show your little niece Greta a two-sided mirror. Then, you hold it between you and her,
so that she can see herself in it. If you ask her what she thinks you can see, she will most likely imagine that you see her face reflected in the mirror, instead of your own. At this age, Greta cannot mentally transform the view she sees into the view you must be seeing. Greta is most likely in which cognitive stage?
a. formal operational
b. sensorimotor
c. concrete operational
d. preoperational
ANSWER: d
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What is a thought distortion?
a. A trick to make a situation seem better than it really is. b. A procedure for creating more empathy for the feelings of others. c. A way to increase the amount of enjoyment you get from life experiences. d. An internal dialogue that describes a situation as being worse than it really is.
The purpose of a control group is to
A. have a group with the greatest control over effects of the experiment. B. have a group that counteracts the effects of the independent variable on the experimental group. C. have a comparison group that does not undergo any experimental procedures. D. have a comparison group that is exposed to everything except the independent variable.
Regarding short-term memory (STM), which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Although information can be stored phonetically in STM, it is most often stored in images. b. In memory experiments, information in short-term memory is gone in 12 to 18 seconds without rehearsal. c. It is very difficult to do more than one task at a time in STM. d. STM is very sensitive to interruption, or displacement.
Good moods, happiness, and love are examples of
A) ?positive individual traits. B) ?positive subjective experiences. C) ?positive objective experiences. D) ?positive thinking.