What is the main way that sharks and rays deal with the osmotic stress of living in seawater?

a. by active transport of ions out of the body by chloride cells
b. by maintaining high levels of urea and trimethylamine oxide in body fluids
c. by active transport of ions into the body through the gills
d. by excreting nitrogenous wastes through their kidneys as urea


Answer: b. by maintaining high levels of urea and trimethylamine oxide in body fluids

Biology & Microbiology

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